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Illinois (territory) -- Randolph (county)


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County Quick Reference

County Seat: Kaskaskia

County Name: Named for Edmund Randolph, first United States Attorney General

 
Boundary Changes
(click on the name of a change to see more information)
 
Date
Area
Change
01 MAR 18099650Randolph County moves from Indiana Territory to Illinois Territory
28 APR 180912,178Gained land from St. Clair County and part of Knox County (Indiana)
14 SEP 18122996Lost land to Gallatin, Johnson, and Madison counties
11 DEC 18131566Randolph exchanged land with Gallatin and St. Clair counties
01 APR 18161001Lost land to Jackson County
01 JUN 1816889Lost land to Monroe County
   
See Also:
Randolph County, Territory Northwest of the River Ohio (1795-1800)
Randolph County, Indiana Territory (1800-1809)

 

 

Authority
(click on a title below to view laws involved in the formation or governance of the area)
  
1809An Act for dividing the Indiana Territory into two separate governments
  
1809Proclamation dividing Illinois Territory into two counties
  
1812Proclamation establishing Gallatin, Johnson, and Madison counties
  
1813An Act establishing the boundary lines of Galletin County
  
1816An Act to erect a new county out of the counties of Randolph and Johnson
  
1816An Act for forming a new county out of Randolph and St. Clair counties
  

Background
(general information on the area to put it in the context of history)

Randolph County was formed on 05 October 1795 by proclamation of the Governor of the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio [click here for more information]. It became a county with Indiana Territory on 01 JUL 1800 by An act to divide the territory of the United States north-west of the Ohio, into two separate governments [click here for more information]. Randolph County moved to the Illinois Territory on 01 March 1809 by An Act for dividing the Indiana Territory into two separate governments, 1809 [click here for more information]. The county's boundaries would change five times before statehood.

The following map shows the original size of the county at its founding (in red with yellow border) superimposed on a modern map.


Randolph County in 1809

 

Census
(click on a year below to view information on the population of the area)


DatePopulationChange
18182,939---


Bibliography
(click on the title of the following works to learn more about life in the area; for those items not available online, check with your local library for availability)


  • Combined history of Randolph, Monroe and Perry counties, Illinois : with illustrations descriptive of their scenery and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers. Philadelphia: J.L. McDonough & Co., 1883.
  • History of Jordan's Grove Congregation. Illinois?: The Church?, 1964.
  • Portrait and biographical record of Randolph, Jackson, Perry and Monroe counties, Illinois. Containing biographical sketches of prominent and representative citizens ... the presidents of the United States, and the governors of the state of Illinois. Chicago : Biographical Pub. Co., 1894.
  • Bleem, Catherine Berra. Evansville, Illinois before 1900 : Randolph County, Illinois : Bibliography, Contents, and Index. Evansville, Ill.: C.B. Bleem, 1996.
  • Brieschke, Walter L. Guide to the History of Randolph County, Illinois. [Rev.] ed. Carterville, Ill?: W.L. Brieschke, 1997.
  • Gordon, J. B. Early History of the Flack School District, Randolph County, Illinois. Sparta, Ill.,: Published by Sparta News-Plaindealer.
  • Jetton, Kay F. and E. J. Montague. Index to Montague's 1859 Directory, Business Mirror and Historical Sketches of Randolph County, Illinois. Marissa, Ill.: Marissa Historical & Genealogical Society, 2009.
  • Jones, Elda McCormick and Marissa Historical and Genealogical Society. Randolph County, Illinois : Since the Day of the Red Man. Marissa, Ill.: Marissa Historical & Genealogical Society, 1998.
  • Jones, Elda McCormick and Marissa Historical and Genealogical Society. Pioneer History of Randolph County : A Few Early Sketches. Marissa, Ill.: Marissa Historical & Genealogical Society, 2008.
  • Linder, Jean Rita. Survey of the Archaeological Resources Along the Existing and Proposed Levees on Kaskaskia Island in Randolph County, Illinois, and Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information Center, 1975.
  • Mann, J. M. F. A Physical History & Hand Book of Randolph County, Illinois. Sparta, Ill.: Argonaut Press.
  • Marissa Historical and Genealogical Society. A Few Pioneer Families of Randolph County, Illinois. Marissa, Ill.: The Society, 1994.
  • McDill, Henry C. A History of the Thompsons and Mcbrides of Northern Ireland, Abbeville, South Carolina, Randolph County, Illinois. Anaheim, Calif.: McDill, 1977.
  • Moffat, Charles R. and Cynthia J. Anderson. Test Excavations at Three Archeological Sites on Kaskaskia Island, Randolph County, Illinois. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information Center, 1984. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA246049.
  • Montague, E. J.. The History of Randolph County, Illinois Including Old Kaskaskia Island. Sparta, Ill.,, 1948.
  • Orser, Charles E. and Theodore J. Karamanski. Preliminary Archaeological Research at Fort Kaskaskia, Randolph County, Illinois Southern Illinois Studies. Carbondale: University Museum Southern Illinois University, 1977.
  • Pautler, Daniel H. and Gerry Koetting. Pautler. 1 vols. Murphysboro, Ill.?: D.H. Pautler, 1985.
  • Porter, H. Leonard. Destiny of the Scotch-Irish : An Account of a Migration from Ballybay, Ireland, to Washington County, New York, Abbeville District, South Carolina, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Preble County, Ohio, Randolph County, Illinois, and the Central Illinois Prairie, 1720-1853. Winter Haven, Fla. (P.O. Box 7533, Winter Haven 33881): Porter Co., 1990.
  • Randolph County Genealogical Society (Ill.). Randolph County, Illinois. Commemorative ed. Paducah, Ky.: Turner Pub. Co., 1995.
  • Randolph County Genealogical Society (Randolph County Ill.). In the Name of Jesus, Church Book, St. Peter's Lutheran, Randolph (Bremen), Randolph County, Illinois, Records. Illinois: Randolph County Genealogical Society.
  • Randolph County Genealogical Society (Randolph County Ill.). St. Mark Episcopal Church, Church Records 1843-1955 : Chester, Randolph Co., Illinois. Chester, Ill.: Randolph County Genealogical Society.
  • Randolph County Genealogical Society (Randolph County Ill.). Towns & Families of Randolph County. Illinois: Randolph County Genealogical Society, 2000.
  • Randolph County Genealogical Society (Randolph County Ill.). Early Court Records of Randolph County, Illinois, Beginning in 1804 : Census, Court Cases, Marriages, Probates & Wills, Relocation of County Seat, Roads and Bridges. Chester, Ill.: Randolph County Genealogical Society, 2009.
  • Randolph County Genealogical Society (Randolph County Ill.). Randolph County, Illinois Information 1800-1850. Chester, IL.: Randolph County Genealogical Society, 2009.
  • Randolph County Genealogical Society. Randolph County, Illinois Old Settlers' Association, 1899 to 1905. Chester, IL: Reprinted by Randolph County Genealogical Society Libr. & Museum, 1991.
  • Rex, Nelson William. Building Faith in God : The Churches of Monroe County and Nearby Randolph County, Illinois. Waterloo, Ill.: Nelson William Rex, 2006.
  • Roscow, Jeffrey M. Illustrated History of the Lutheran Churches in Randolph County, Illinois. Evansville, IL: Jeffrey M. Roscow, 1990.
  • Salger, Glenn A. The History of Lafayette, Randolph County, Illinois. Leesville, La.: G.A. Salger, 2010.
  • Suess, Adolph B. Glimpses of Prairie du Rocher, its history from 1722 to 1942 intimately linked with that of Randolph County and of the state of Illinois. Belleville, Ill. : The Buechler Printing Co., 1942.
  • Waters, Loraine and Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. Museum of Natural and Social Sciences. "Historical Map of Randolph County, Illinois." Carbondale, Ill.: Historical Division of S.I.N.U. Museum, 1942.
 
Related Content
(the links below contain information related to this area)

Proclamation dividing Illinois Territory into two counties, 1809

published by Matthew L. Helm on Wed, 06/19/2013 - 22:17
By virtue of the power vested in the Governor for the prevention of Crimes and injuries and for the Execution of process Civil and Criminal within the Territory, I have thought proper to and by this Proclamation do divide the Illinois Territory into two Counties to be called the County of St. Clair and the County of Randolph. The County of Randolph shall include all that part of the Illinois Territory lying South of the line dividing the Counties of Randolph & St. Clair as it existed under the Government of the Indiana Territory on the last day of February in the year one thousand eight hundred and nine — And the County of S' Clair shall include all that part of the Territory which lies North of said line

An Act for forming a new county out of Randolph and St. Clair counties, 1816

published by Matthew L. Helm on Tue, 06/18/2013 - 17:07
Be it enacted by the Legislative Council and House of Representatve of the Illinois Territory' and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same ; That all that part of the country within the following bounds, viz, Beginning on the Mississippi River where the base line, which is about three fourths of a mile below Judge Biggs' present residence strikes the said River, thence with the base line untill it strkes the first township line therefrom, thence S.E. to the S.E. corner of township two, south range, nine West, thence south to the south East corner of township four, south range nine West, thence south Westwardly to the Mississippi so as to include Alexander M'Nabb's farm, and thence up the Mississippi to the be- ginning, shall constitute a sepparate county to be called Monroe

An Act to erect a new county out of the counties of Randolph and Johnson, 1816

published by Matthew L. Helm on Mon, 06/17/2013 - 13:06
Be it enacted by the Legislative Council and House of Representatives of the Illinois Territory, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, That all that part of the counties of Randolph and Johnson included within the following bounds to wit : Begining at the mouth of Big Muddy river and running up the same to the township line between ten and eleven ; thence east with said line to the principal meridian line running from the mouth of the Ohio river; thence north with the meridian line thirty miles; thence west twenty four miles to the corner of range between four and five west of the principal meridian line ; thence south six miles to the township corner between six and seven ; thence to the head waters of the creek called Gagnic, and down it to the Mississippi ; thence down the Mississippi to the beginning, shall be a seperate and distinct county and called and known by the name of Jackson

Census of Illinois Territory, 1818, Randolph County

published by Matthew L. Helm on Wed, 06/05/2013 - 21:20
The census covers Randolph County. The census includes name of county and for each household name of head of household, numbers of free white males twenty-one years of age or older, other white inhabitants, free Negroes and mulattoes, and servants and slaves.

Proclamation establishing Gallatin, Johnson, and Madison counties, 1812

published by Matthew L. Helm on Sat, 06/01/2013 - 20:17
By virtue of the powers vested in the Governor of the Territory, I do hereby lay off a county or district to be called the County of Madison to be included within the following bounds, viz.: To begin on the Mississippi, to run with the second township line above Cahokia east until it strikes the dividing line between the Illinois and Indiana Territories therein with said dividing line to the line of Upper Canada, thence with said line to the Mississippi, and thence down the Mississippi to the beginning. I do appoint the house of Thomas Kirkpatrick to be the seat of justice of said county. I do also lay off a county or district to be called the County of Gallatin, to be bounded as follows, viz.:

Frame 0001: Start of Reel Cover Page

published by Matthew L. Helm on Mon, 05/06/2013 - 22:59

Third Census of the United States, Illinois Territory, 1810, Randolph County

published by Matthew L. Helm on Mon, 05/06/2013 - 22:53
The census for the Illinois Territory in 1810 only contains enumerations for Randolph County.

 

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